main.zeek¶

Files¶

An interface for driving the analysis of files, possibly independent of any network protocol over which they’re transported.

Namespace:	Files
Imports:	base/bif/file_analysis.bif.zeek, base/frameworks/analyzer, base/frameworks/logging, base/utils/site.zeek

Summary¶

Runtime Options¶

Files::enable_reassembler: bool &redef The default setting for file reassembly.

Redefinable Options¶

`Files::analyze_by_mime_type_automatically`: `bool` `&redef`	Decide if you want to automatically attached analyzers to files based on the detected mime type of the file.
`Files::disable`: `table` `&redef`	A table that can be used to disable file analysis completely for any files transferred over given network protocol analyzers.
`Files::reassembly_buffer_size`: `count` `&redef`	The default per-file reassembly buffer size.
`Files::salt`: `string` `&redef`	The salt concatenated to unique file handle strings generated by `get_file_handle` before hashing them in to a file id (the id field of `fa_file`).

Types¶

`Files::AnalyzerArgs`: `record` `&redef`	A structure which parameterizes a type of file analysis.
`Files::Info`: `record` `&redef`	Contains all metadata related to the analysis of a given file.
`Files::ProtoRegistration`: `record`

Redefinitions¶

`Log::ID`: `enum`
`fa_file`: `record` `&redef`

Events¶

Files::log_files: event Event that can be handled to access the Info record as it is sent on to the logging framework.

Functions¶

`Files::add_analyzer`: `function`	Adds an analyzer to the analysis of a given file.
`Files::all_registered_mime_types`: `function`	Returns a table of all MIME-type-to-analyzer mappings currently registered.
`Files::analyzer_name`: `function`	Translates a file analyzer enum value to a string with the analyzer’s name.
`Files::describe`: `function`	Provides a text description regarding metadata of the file.
`Files::disable_reassembly`: `function`	Disables the file reassembler on this file.
`Files::enable_reassembly`: `function`	Allows the file reassembler to be used if it’s necessary because the file is transferred out of order.
`Files::file_exists`: `function`	Lookup to see if a particular file id exists and is still valid.
`Files::lookup_file`: `function`	Lookup an `fa_file` record with the file id.
`Files::register_analyzer_add_callback`: `function`	Register a callback for file analyzers to use if they need to do some manipulation when they are being added to a file before the core code takes over.
`Files::register_for_mime_type`: `function`	Registers a MIME type for an analyzer.
`Files::register_for_mime_types`: `function`	Registers a set of MIME types for an analyzer.
`Files::register_protocol`: `function`	Register callbacks for protocols that work with the Files framework.
`Files::registered_mime_types`: `function`	Returns a set of all MIME types currently registered for a specific analyzer.
`Files::remove_analyzer`: `function`	Removes an analyzer from the analysis of a given file.
`Files::set_reassembly_buffer_size`: `function`	Set the maximum size the reassembly buffer is allowed to grow for the given file.
`Files::set_timeout_interval`: `function`	Sets the timeout_interval field of `fa_file`, which is used to determine the length of inactivity that is allowed for a file before internal state related to it is cleaned up.
`Files::stop`: `function`	Stops/ignores any further analysis of a given file.

Detailed Interface¶

Runtime Options¶

Files::enable_reassembler¶

Type:	`bool`
Attributes:	`&redef`
Default:	`T`

The default setting for file reassembly.

Redefinable Options¶

Files::analyze_by_mime_type_automatically¶

Type:	`bool`
Attributes:	`&redef`
Default:	`T`

Decide if you want to automatically attached analyzers to files based on the detected mime type of the file.

Files::disable¶

Type:	`table` [`Files::Tag`] of `bool`
Attributes:	`&redef`
Default:	`{}`

A table that can be used to disable file analysis completely for any files transferred over given network protocol analyzers.

Files::reassembly_buffer_size¶

Type:	`count`
Attributes:	`&redef`
Default:	`524288`

The default per-file reassembly buffer size.

Files::salt¶

Type:	`string`
Attributes:	`&redef`
Default:	`"I recommend changing this."`

The salt concatenated to unique file handle strings generated by get_file_handle before hashing them in to a file id (the id field of fa_file). Provided to help mitigate the possibility of manipulating parts of network connections that factor in to the file handle in order to generate two handles that would hash to the same file id.

Types¶

Files::AnalyzerArgs¶

Type:

record

chunk_event: event (f: fa_file, data: string, off: count) &optional

An event which will be generated for all new file contents, chunk-wise. Used when tag (in the Files::add_analyzer function) is Files::ANALYZER_DATA_EVENT.

stream_event: event (f: fa_file, data: string) &optional

An event which will be generated for all new file contents, stream-wise. Used when tag is Files::ANALYZER_DATA_EVENT.

extract_filename: string &optional

(present if base/files/extract/main.zeek is loaded)

The local filename to which to write an extracted file. This field is used in the core by the extraction plugin to know where to write the file to. If not specified, then a filename in the format “extract-<source>-<id>” is automatically assigned (using the source and id fields of fa_file).

extract_limit: count &default = FileExtract::default_limit &optional

(present if base/files/extract/main.zeek is loaded)

The maximum allowed file size in bytes of extract_filename. Once reached, a file_extraction_limit event is raised and the analyzer will be removed unless FileExtract::set_limit is called to increase the limit. A value of zero means “no limit”.

Attributes:

&redef

A structure which parameterizes a type of file analysis.

Files::Info¶

Type:

record

ts: time &log

The time when the file was first seen.

fuid: string &log

An identifier associated with a single file.

tx_hosts: set [addr] &default = { } &optional &log

If this file was transferred over a network connection this should show the host or hosts that the data sourced from.

rx_hosts: set [addr] &default = { } &optional &log

If this file was transferred over a network connection this should show the host or hosts that the data traveled to.

conn_uids: set [string] &default = { } &optional &log

Connection UIDs over which the file was transferred.

source: string &log &optional

An identification of the source of the file data. E.g. it may be a network protocol over which it was transferred, or a local file path which was read, or some other input source.

depth: count &default = 0 &optional &log

A value to represent the depth of this file in relation to its source. In SMTP, it is the depth of the MIME attachment on the message. In HTTP, it is the depth of the request within the TCP connection.

analyzers: set [string] &default = { } &optional &log

A set of analysis types done during the file analysis.

mime_type: string &log &optional

A mime type provided by the strongest file magic signature match against the bof_buffer field of fa_file, or in the cases where no buffering of the beginning of file occurs, an initial guess of the mime type based on the first data seen.

filename: string &log &optional

A filename for the file if one is available from the source for the file. These will frequently come from “Content-Disposition” headers in network protocols.

duration: interval &log &default = 0 secs &optional

The duration the file was analyzed for.

local_orig: bool &log &optional

If the source of this file is a network connection, this field indicates if the data originated from the local network or not as determined by the configured Site::local_nets.

is_orig: bool &log &optional

If the source of this file is a network connection, this field indicates if the file is being sent by the originator of the connection or the responder.

seen_bytes: count &log &default = 0 &optional

Number of bytes provided to the file analysis engine for the file.

total_bytes: count &log &optional

Total number of bytes that are supposed to comprise the full file.

missing_bytes: count &log &default = 0 &optional

The number of bytes in the file stream that were completely missed during the process of analysis e.g. due to dropped packets.

overflow_bytes: count &log &default = 0 &optional

The number of bytes in the file stream that were not delivered to stream file analyzers. This could be overlapping bytes or bytes that couldn’t be reassembled.

timedout: bool &log &default = F &optional

Whether the file analysis timed out at least once for the file.

parent_fuid: string &log &optional

Identifier associated with a container file from which this one was extracted as part of the file analysis.

md5: string &log &optional

(present if base/files/hash/main.zeek is loaded)

An MD5 digest of the file contents.

sha1: string &log &optional

(present if base/files/hash/main.zeek is loaded)

A SHA1 digest of the file contents.

sha256: string &log &optional

(present if base/files/hash/main.zeek is loaded)

A SHA256 digest of the file contents.

x509: X509::Info &optional

(present if base/files/x509/main.zeek is loaded)

Information about X509 certificates. This is used to keep certificate information until all events have been received.

extracted: string &optional &log

(present if base/files/extract/main.zeek is loaded)

Local filename of extracted file.

extracted_cutoff: bool &optional &log

(present if base/files/extract/main.zeek is loaded)

Set to true if the file being extracted was cut off so the whole file was not logged.

extracted_size: count &optional &log

(present if base/files/extract/main.zeek is loaded)

The number of bytes extracted to disk.

entropy: double &log &optional

(present if policy/frameworks/files/entropy-test-all-files.zeek is loaded)

The information density of the contents of the file, expressed as a number of bits per character.

Attributes:

&redef

Contains all metadata related to the analysis of a given file. For the most part, fields here are derived from ones of the same name in fa_file.

Files::ProtoRegistration¶

Type:

record

get_file_handle: function (c: connection, is_orig: bool) : string: A callback to generate a file handle on demand when one is needed by the core.
describe: function (f: fa_file) : string &default = function &optional: A callback to “describe” a file. In the case of an HTTP transfer the most obvious description would be the URL. It’s like an extremely compressed version of the normal log.

Events¶

Files::log_files¶

Type:	`event` (rec: `Files::Info`)

Event that can be handled to access the Info record as it is sent on to the logging framework.

Functions¶

Files::add_analyzer¶

Type:	`function` (f: `fa_file`, tag: `Files::Tag`, args: `Files::AnalyzerArgs` `&default` = [chunk_event=<uninitialized>, stream_event=<uninitialized>, extract_filename=<uninitialized>, extract_limit=104857600] `&optional`) : `bool`

Adds an analyzer to the analysis of a given file.

F:	the file.
Tag:	the analyzer type.
Args:	any parameters the analyzer takes.
Returns:	true if the analyzer will be added, or false if analysis for the file isn’t currently active or the args were invalid for the analyzer type.

Files::all_registered_mime_types¶

Type:	`function` () : `table` [`Files::Tag`] of `set` [`string`]

Returns a table of all MIME-type-to-analyzer mappings currently registered.

Returns:	A table mapping each analyzer to the set of MIME types registered for it.

Files::analyzer_name¶

Type:	`function` (tag: `Files::Tag`) : `string`

Translates a file analyzer enum value to a string with the analyzer’s name.

Tag:	The analyzer tag.
Returns:	The analyzer name corresponding to the tag.

Files::describe¶

Type:	`function` (f: `fa_file`) : `string`

Provides a text description regarding metadata of the file. For example, with HTTP it would return a URL.

F:	The file to be described.
Returns:	a text description regarding metadata of the file.

Files::disable_reassembly¶

Type:	`function` (f: `fa_file`) : `void`

Disables the file reassembler on this file. If the file is not transferred out of order this will have no effect.

F:	the file.

Files::enable_reassembly¶

Type:	`function` (f: `fa_file`) : `void`

Allows the file reassembler to be used if it’s necessary because the file is transferred out of order.

F:	the file.

Files::file_exists¶

Type:	`function` (fuid: `string`) : `bool`

Lookup to see if a particular file id exists and is still valid.

Fuid:	the file id.
Returns:	T if the file uid is known.

Files::lookup_file¶

Type:	`function` (fuid: `string`) : `fa_file`

Lookup an fa_file record with the file id.

Fuid:	the file id.
Returns:	the associated `fa_file` record.

Files::register_analyzer_add_callback¶

Type:	`function` (tag: `Files::Tag`, callback: `function` (f: `fa_file`, args: `Files::AnalyzerArgs`) : `void`) : `void`

Register a callback for file analyzers to use if they need to do some manipulation when they are being added to a file before the core code takes over. This is unlikely to be interesting for users and should only be called by file analyzer authors but is not required.

Tag:	Tag for the file analyzer.
Callback:	Function to execute when the given file analyzer is being added.

Files::register_for_mime_type¶

Type:	`function` (tag: `Files::Tag`, mt: `string`) : `bool`

Registers a MIME type for an analyzer. If a future file with this type is seen, the analyzer will be automatically assigned to parsing it. The function adds to all MIME types already registered, it doesn’t replace them.

Tag:	The tag of the analyzer.
Mt:	The MIME type in the form “foo/bar” (case-insensitive).
Returns:	True if the MIME type was successfully registered.

Files::register_for_mime_types¶

Type:	`function` (tag: `Files::Tag`, mime_types: `set` [`string`]) : `bool`

Registers a set of MIME types for an analyzer. If a future connection on one of these types is seen, the analyzer will be automatically assigned to parsing it. The function adds to all MIME types already registered, it doesn’t replace them.

Tag:	The tag of the analyzer.
Mts:	The set of MIME types, each in the form “foo/bar” (case-insensitive).
Returns:	True if the MIME types were successfully registered.

Files::register_protocol¶

Type:	`function` (tag: `Analyzer::Tag`, reg: `Files::ProtoRegistration`) : `bool`

Register callbacks for protocols that work with the Files framework. The callbacks must uniquely identify a file and each protocol can only have a single callback registered for it.

Tag:	Tag for the protocol analyzer having a callback being registered.
Reg:	A `Files::ProtoRegistration` record.
Returns:	true if the protocol being registered was not previously registered.

Files::registered_mime_types¶

Type:	`function` (tag: `Files::Tag`) : `set` [`string`]

Returns a set of all MIME types currently registered for a specific analyzer.

Tag:	The tag of the analyzer.
Returns:	The set of MIME types.

Files::remove_analyzer¶

Type:	`function` (f: `fa_file`, tag: `Files::Tag`, args: `Files::AnalyzerArgs` `&default` = [chunk_event=<uninitialized>, stream_event=<uninitialized>, extract_filename=<uninitialized>, extract_limit=104857600] `&optional`) : `bool`

Removes an analyzer from the analysis of a given file.

F:	the file.
Tag:	the analyzer type.
Args:	the analyzer (type and args) to remove.
Returns:	true if the analyzer will be removed, or false if analysis for the file isn’t currently active.

Files::set_reassembly_buffer_size¶

Type:	`function` (f: `fa_file`, max: `count`) : `void`

Set the maximum size the reassembly buffer is allowed to grow for the given file.

F:	the file.
Max:	Maximum allowed size of the reassembly buffer.

Files::set_timeout_interval¶

Type:	`function` (f: `fa_file`, t: `interval`) : `bool`

Sets the timeout_interval field of fa_file, which is used to determine the length of inactivity that is allowed for a file before internal state related to it is cleaned up. When used within a file_timeout handler, the analysis will delay timing out again for the period specified by t.

F:	the file.
T:	the amount of time the file can remain inactive before discarding.
Returns:	true if the timeout interval was set, or false if analysis for the file isn’t currently active.

Files::stop¶

Type:	`function` (f: `fa_file`) : `bool`

Stops/ignores any further analysis of a given file.

F:	the file.
Returns:	true if analysis for the given file will be ignored for the rest of its contents, or false if analysis for the file isn’t currently active.